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4. B nocJiexniHae row remans coBBJpneHCTBOBaa (•no?).
EaoK 71 TepMHHH s TeKcry TJ

preaaure cabin- repuoKa^BBa airlocic ~ soaffJviasS WEDS climb- Hatfapa-n. BHCOTy multi-stage rocket- NHoro-CTyneHiaTaa paKeTa
flywheel-MaXOBBK propellant - TOIUIKBO shield- saBBITHHfi GJIOfi


The designs for a spaceship cabin included consideration of life-support systems which included provision for the absor-tion of carbon dioxide and odoura: and Tsiolkovsky recognised  " ;
the importance of haying the crew members lie supine with their backs to the rocket engine during periods of acceleration. So seriously did he regard the acceleration problem of rocket flight that at one stage, he advocated immersing his passengers in a liquid with a density equal to that of the human body;
He also recommended building spaceships of double-wall construction for protection against excessive heat or cold and  to serve as a shield against penetration by meteoroids.
Tsiolkovsky also proposed -supplying the pressure cabin with gaseous oxygen obtained from the rocket's liquid oxygen tank, and anticipated the use of an airclock to enable men, protected by epaoesuits and chain-like tethere, to climb out of their ships into the vacuum of space.
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THE SPACB PIOBEBRS
In the town of Kaluga south west of Moscow stands a monument to a Russian schoolmaster - Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiol-kovsky. Mot tar away is the brick and timber house in which he lived and which, is now a national museum.
At the turn of the century Tsiolkovsky was considered an eccentric dreamer whose theories had little connection with reality. And yet it the Space Age was born anywhere, it was in th< quiet rooms of this humble dwelling.                           ^
Though he never launched a rocket, Tsiolkovsky's contribution to the science of space travel was immense. He began in 1883 by explaining the principles by which rockets could fly in the vacuum of space. And in "Dream of the Earth end the Sky", published in Moscow in 1885, he made the first mention of the possibilities of an artificial ( BCKyCCTBeHHHB ) aatelite.
Then, in 1903, he began to publish selected chapters of his book, "Bxproration of the Universe Space by Reactive Apparatus, which set out tbeoty of rocket flight and the prospects tor space travel.
There had, of course, been people before who had dreamed of travelling in space but, on the whole, they lacked the depth of understanding that would point the way to practical engineering achievments. Tsiolkovsky's major contribution was to recommend the use of liquid propellents which not only offered greater performance than the solid variety but could be more readily controlled after their ignition.
His first sketch of a spaceship had the shape of a teardrop, with a passenger cabin in the nose and fuel tanks in the rear containing the high-energy propellants liquid oxygen and hydrogen. Within the tank section he drew a long cone-shaped nozzle in which the burning propellents were assumed to explain as a propulsive jet.
The same propellant combination eventually would be used by future rockets, which illustrates the remarkable quality of Tsiolkovsky'o ideas.
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